Essential Guide to Lower Back Pain

Physiotherapy will help restore movement and normal body function as well as treating specific problems. There many types of pain and here are just a few suggestions of things you can do to help relieve pain and discomfort. 

We’ve collected a group of Therapists with international experience who will get under your skin to explain, treat and relieve your problem. No mysteries, not even with the tricky things. It is all about you…we take pains to keep learning all the new stuff (there’s a lot of it), and work like crazy to get you smiling. Each of our Therapists has bags and bags of knowledge – this means we can get you back to normal activities and sport fast.

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Ankylosing Spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that usually worsens over time and is manageable but not curable.

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Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm

Your Abdominal Aorta is the major blood vessel supplying your body with oxygenated blood and an aortic aneurysm is a localised ballooning or widening of this vessel.

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Cauda Equina Syndrome

Symptoms are caused by compression of the bundle of nerves originating from the bottom of your spinal cord.

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Central & Peripheral Sensitisation

Your brain stores information from your past and constantly collects messages from your joints, muscles, nerves and skin, the pain you experience is the summation of every piece of information it processes.

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Chronic Pain

It usually takes up to 3 months for your body to heal after an injury - pain during this time is part of the normal healing process and is a good sensation to prevent you damaging the sore area.

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Coccydynia

The coccyx is the very bottom portion of the spine consisting of 3 to 5 small spinal bones fused together also known as our tailbone.

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Cramp

Cramp occurs when a muscle contracts too hard resulting in a painful spasm or clenching of the muscle.

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Muscle Soreness - Sports Hangover

Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness (DOMS) also known as The Exercise Hangover, usually occurs after you exercise strongly or following physical activity that you are not used to.

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Discogenic Dysfunction

Usually caused by either injury or wear and tear, disc symptoms can vary significantly.

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Electrolyte Imbalance

Electrolytes are minerals in your body that have an electric charge and carry nerve (electrical) impulses.

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Facet Dysfunction

Your facet joints (also known as zygapohysial joints) are the joints which connect the bones in your back (vertebrae) to one another and are found on both sides of your back.

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Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is thought to be related to abnormal levels of certain brain chemicals and changes in the way your brain, spinal cord and nerves processes pain messages carried around the body.

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Flat Back

Flat back posture is when your lower back flattens out, losing the curve in your spine and tipping your pelvis backward.

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Fracture

Fractures in your back can occur anywhere in the bones of your vertebrae but most are in your middle or lower back.

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Haematoma

A hematoma or haematoma is where trauma or injury (usually a direct hit) damages your veins or arteries.

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Hip Dysfunction

Your hip is a ball and socket joint where your thigh bone meets your pelvic bone.

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Hyperalgesia

Pain which is out of proportion to physical findings.

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Hypermobility Syndrome

Hypermobility is when all or some of your joints bend or move too much.

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Infection

Osteomyelitis is an infection to the bones of the spine and usually results from a bacterial urinary tract infection which spreads.

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Inflammation (Acute)

Acute inflammation (or swelling) is one of your body’s immediate resposes to injury or tissue damage and it is the start of the healing process.

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Ischaemic Pain/Trigger Points

Ischaemic muscle pain and trigger points (painful knots in your muscles) result from a lack of blood flow to your body tissues often from being in one position for a long period of time.

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Joint Sprain or Ligament Damage

Joint sprains or ligament damage usually occurs with trauma or injury (usually a direct hit).

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Leg Length Discrepancy

Uneven leg lengths usually stem from two main causes.

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Local Joint Instability

Pain comes from one/ two joints working too much (workaholics) whilst others go on holiday and become stiff and tight.

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Lumbopelvic Dysfunction

Your spine (back bone) sits on your sacrum so pressures in your low back are transferred into your pelvis, often causing strain.

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Malalignment & Altered Biomechanics

When your foot contacts the ground, it sends stresses up your leg and into your back, hip & pelvis- for this reason, poor alignment can cause strain and pain in any of these areas.

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Menstrual Pain or Hormone Imbalances

In most people imbalances occur when you produce too much estrogen and not enough progesterone

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Muscle Imbalance

When your muscles are balanced, your muscle pull on one side of your joint is matched with the muscle pull on the other side of the joint - this reduces the stressors going through that joint.

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Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Myo refers to muscle and fascia is a dense, tough tissue surrounding your muscles and bones.

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Nerve Irritation

Nerves are like long cords which reach into every part of you except your hair and fingernails.

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Obesity/ Being Overweight

The heavier you are the more strain there is on your body especially in the lower half such as you back hips and knees.

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Osteoarthritis (Spondylosis)

Osteoarthritis which affects your spine is called spondylosis.

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Pelvic Dysfunction

The bones of your pelvis form a circle which is held together by the snug fit of your bones and supported by the muscles which surround your pelvis.

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Pelvic Girdle Pain

Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP) is pain felt at the front of your pelvis, groin, hips, back and legs which stems from excessive movement of the pelvis and misalignment.

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Pelvic Girdle Pain with Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction

Your pelvis is made up of a stable ring of bones, a bit like a hula hoop, which are held in place by strong ligaments.

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Pilonidal Cyst or Abscess

Pilonidal (meaning nest of hair) cysts or abscesses occur around the coccyx, just above the crack of the buttocks.

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Postural Hyper-Kyphosis

A kyphosis is the medical name for a forwards curve in your spine and is usually found in the middle of your back.

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Postural Hyper-Kyphosis-Lordosis

When looking at you from the side, your back bones form a series of curves which are a bit like a stretched spring.

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Postural Hyper-Lordosis

Postural Hyper-Lordosis is where your lower back has a deeper arch than is normal.

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Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory or systemic arthritis which affects your joints and connective tissues, and is often found in people with psoriasis of the skin or nails.

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Radicular Pain

Radicular pain is pain which is caused by compression, inflammation and/or injury to the nerve as it exits the vertebra (back bone).

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Sacroiliac/Pelvic Dysfunction

The bones of your pelvis form a circle which is held together by the snug fit of your bones and supported by the muscles which surround your pelvis.

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Scoliosis

Scoliosis shows up best when you bend forward - you may see a bulge in your back or one of your shoulders may be higher than the other.

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Somatic Referred Pain

Referred pain is where you feel pain in an area which is away from the place where the pain originates.

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Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolithesis is the slipping of one of your spine vertebrae in relation to the bone below it.

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Spondylolysis - Pars Stress Fracture

Spondylolysis is a stress fracture of a small bridge of bone in part of the vertebrae (called the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch), one of the bones that make up your spine, and often begins because of a defect in your bone

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Sway Back

With a sway back posture, you develop tight muscles and stiff joints around your shoulders, spine, pelvis and legs.

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Systemic Arthritis

Systemic arthritis causes pain and stiffness in your spine and large joints such as your hips, knees and shoulders.

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Thoracic & Lumbar Dysfunction

As your spinal cord exits from your brain and passes down your back through a hole in your vertebrae, problems in your middle back such as stiffness will tether or pinch your nerves as they pass.

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Vascular Dysfunction

Vascular dysfunction or claudication is pain felt, usually in your leg(s), when there is a lack of blood flow to your muscles.

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Whole Body Vibration

Whole body vibration (WBV) is a term used where vibration is transferred to your body in an uncontrolled manner usually when sitting or standing.

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